Some recent hedgehog findings

• Results to Chew on
• High Priority Hygiene

Results to chew on
Summary of The "Hogwatch" Project at Lower Moss Wood, Cheshire, from a piece by Jill Key of Manchester Metropolitan University in The Rehabilitator newsletter; Spring 1997.

Following some earlier research by Dr Pat Morris, (Membership Number: 605078H) wildlife rehabilitators were worried that released hedgehogs may be doomed to a rapid death by starvation. Hogwatch began life in the autumn of 1992 with the aim of answering a very simple question: what happens to hedgehogs released from Lower Moss Wood in spring?

Hogwatch uses small radio-transmitters attached to the scruff of the neck to enable the hedgehog to be relocated after release. It has also begun to fit small plastic spool cases with thread to the rump of hedgehogs so that they leave a clear path of where they have been.

The idea is to keep track of the hedgehogs for as long as possible after their spring release. The transmitter locates the animal in its day nest and it is weighed, checked and its thread replenished. In the morning the spool line is mapped and the droppings are picked up. The droppings are for studying: wild hedgehog droppings were compared with those of released Hogs.

Between 1993 and 1995 a total of 22 radio-tagged hedgehogs were released. The fate of the 22 was mixed, but during the first months unfortunately most were lost track of. However three interesting discoveries have been made.

The first is that the weight loss experienced by released hedgehogs appears to be a transitory phenomenon. Typically there is a fall in weight immediately after release, followed by a rise to near or even above the pre-release weight. Day-to-day weight variations reflect time of weighing. Dr Morris found a similar trend in previous studies and suggests that the drop in weight is a result of the increased exercise a released hedgehog has. Also, obesity in released hedgehogs may improve their survival rate by cushioning them against starvation while they re-adjust.

The second is that the wood where the hedgehogs were released was not favoured by the hedgehogs. All the Hogs tracked for some time ended up living in rural villages, nesting under sheds or compost heaps, or sometimes in farm barns and outhouses. The suburban/rural garden appears to offer the hedgehog an ideal habitat, providing food and refuge. Surveys have found that wandering from release sights is common however.

The third discovery was made by Andrew Routh, the Vet. The teeth of hedgehogs pre-release tended to be in a poor state, with a lot of plaque and often gingivitis as well. Could this be due to months on a diet of soft cat food? From the limited data collected, it seemed that wild Hogs ate more beetles than released ones: perhaps because of sore gums and poor teeth in rehabilitated Hogs. Hogwatch looked at admixing an abrasive substance with cat food to keep mouths healthy. The additives that seemed most suitable were: ground egg shells, coir (non-peat compost) and monkey nuts. Whether a diet of cat food mixed with one of these keeps teeth and gums healthy remains to be seen.

High-priority hygiene
Kay Bullen (Membership Number: 909018L) of the Cardiff Hedgehog Helpline writes: "I recently heard from a carer who had a hedgehog post mortemed. The cause of death was discovered, but the laboratory also isolated Salmonella Typhonurium - although it was stressed that the hedgehog had not died from this. Luckily the carer was meticulous about hygiene and also knew the person who had originally handled the hedgehog It is therefore worth mentioning the need for great care to be taken when handling any wildlife. Also to note details of the person bringing in the casualty just in case there is any need to contact them in a situation like this."

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